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Plain-English guides, checklists and updates for individuals, startups and SMEs.
6 min readComposition is a turnover-based, simplified regime for small taxpayers up to ₹1.5 crore aggregate turnover (₹75 lakh in special-category states). Regular registration gives ITC eligibility, inter-state supply ability, and e-commerce access. The companion trap-piece covers the service-business math.
5 min readCompanies meeting any of the Section 135(1) thresholds — net worth ₹500 crore, turnover ₹1,000 crore, or net profit ₹5 crore — must constitute a CSR committee, spend 2% of average net profits on CSR, and file Form CSR-2 in Form AOC-4 / Form AOC-5. Non-compliance attracts Section 135(7) penalties.
5 min readDIR-12 is filed with the ROC within 30 days of a director appointment, resignation, or removal. The form requires the new / outgoing director's PAN, Aadhaar, DSC, and a certified board resolution. Filing fee is nominal; the consequences of missing the deadline are monetary penalties and a defective DIN.
8 min readDIR-3 KYC takes 8 minutes to file. The late fee is ₹5,000 per director per year after the due date. With 2 directors and 3 years of negligence, that is ₹30,000 in fees and a struck-off status. We make the math explicit.
6 min readClass 3 DSC, DSC application via certifying authority, and DIN allotment through SPICe+ or DIR-3.
5 min readDSC has a 2-year validity. Renew within 30 days of expiry to avoid signing failures. Director KYC (DIR-3 KYC) is annual, due 30 September. Both are simple but commonly missed. Companion deep-dive covers the penalty math and the 2024-25 Aadhaar authentication change.
6 min readAn e-way bill is mandatory for movement of goods worth over ₹50,000 (₹50,000 inclusive of GST). Validity depends on distance — 1 day for up to 200 km, then 1 additional day for every 200 km (or part) thereafter; ODC cargo gets 1 day per 20 km — and the consignment must reach before expiry or the bill must be extended. Common pitfalls: mismatched HSN code, transporter ID, and Part-B vehicle number.
6 min readFSSAI registration and state-license renewals are due 30 days before expiry. The penalty is ₹100/day. The real cost is the inspector visit, the seizure, and the public notice. A working tracker template inside.
6 min readFSSAI registration (basic) is for businesses with turnover up to ₹12 lakh — small retailers, hawkers, petty manufacturers. FSSAI state license is for businesses with turnover ₹12 lakh to ₹20 crore — restaurants, mid-size manufacturers, distributors. FSSAI central license is for ₹20 crore+ or multi-state operations.
9 min readA practical triage: ASMT-10, DRC-01, DRC-07, REG-31, and MOV-09. When to respond yourself, when to engage a CA, and when to bring a GST counsel — the 2025-26 enforcement patterns explained.
6 min readRent of residential dwelling to a registered person attracts 18% GST on reverse charge (if landlord is unregistered). Rent of commercial property attracts 18% GST on forward charge (landlord charges, tenant claims ITC). TDS under Section 194-I applies at 10% on rent exceeding ₹2.4 lakh per year.
9 min readGST registration is required once aggregate turnover crosses the threshold (₹40 lakh for goods, ₹20 lakh for services, ₹10 lakh for special-category states) or for inter-state supply, e-commerce, and notified categories. The application is on the GST portal in 11 parts.
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